Spectrum is Isar Aerospace's two-stage orbital launch vehicle designed to deliver small and medium satellites to LEO and SSO from Europe.
Spectrum
Spectrum is Isar Aerospace's two-stage orbital launch vehicle designed to deliver small and medium satellites to LEO and SSO from Europe.
Description
Spectrum is a 28-meter-tall, 2-meter-diameter two-stage orbital launch vehicle developed and manufactured in-house by German New Space company Isar Aerospace. The first stage is powered by nine Aquila engines while the second stage uses a single Aquila engine with a multi-ignition system enabling shutdown and restart in flight. Aquila is an in-house-designed, high-pressure turbopump-fed engine burning liquid oxygen and propane, producing roughly 75 kN of thrust each at sea level. The rocket's airframe is built from a single-part, automated carbon-composite structure. Spectrum targets the small and medium satellite and constellation launch market at a target cost of around €10,000 per kilogram. Spectrum's maiden flight ('Going Full Spectrum') lifted off from Andøya Spaceport in Norway on 30 March 2025; the vehicle lost attitude control about 18-30 seconds into flight after a vent valve opened unexpectedly, and flight termination was triggered, with the rocket falling into the sea near the pad. The company treated the flight as a successful data-gathering test of ground infrastructure and stage-1 propulsion. A second flight, dubbed 'Onward and Upward' and carrying Spectrum's first customer payloads, was repeatedly delayed through 2026, with a launch attempt targeted for late July 2026.
Specifications
| Height | 28 m |
|---|---|
| Diameter | 2 m |
| Stages | 2 |
| First stage engines | 9x Aquila |
| Second stage engines | 1x Aquila (multi-ignition, restartable) |
| Engine propellants | Liquid oxygen / propane |
| Engine thrust | ~75 kN per Aquila engine (sea level) |
| Payload to LEO | 1,000 kg |
| Payload to SSO | 700 kg |
| Structure | Single-part automated carbon-composite airframe |
| Launch site | Andøya Spaceport, Norway |
| Flight heritage | 1 launch (30 March 2025, 'Going Full Spectrum'): lost attitude control ~18-30 seconds after liftoff due to an unexpected vent valve opening; flight terminated. Second flight repeatedly delayed through 2026, targeted for late July 2026. |