A domestically-developed hybrid rocket propulsion system by DELTAV Space Technologies, designed for Turkey's AYAP-1 lunar hard-landing mission and adaptable to orbital missions.
Hybrid Propulsion System (HIS)
A domestically-developed hybrid rocket propulsion system by DELTAV Space Technologies, designed for Turkey's AYAP-1 lunar hard-landing mission and adaptable to orbital missions.
Description
The Hybrid Propulsion System (HIS) is DELTAV Space Technologies' flagship propulsion product, developed under Turkey's National Space Program in cooperation with the Turkish Space Agency for the AYAP-1 lunar hard-landing mission. It is described by the company as the first hybrid propulsion system intended for use in deep space missions and the first hybrid system ignited in space, tested as the second stage of DELTAV's SORS sounding rocket, which exceeded 100 km altitude. The system uses a high-performance solid fuel with a liquid oxidizer in a hybrid architecture, offering cost-effectiveness and improved safety compared to purely liquid-propellant vehicles. Beyond the lunar mission, DELTAV states the HIS architecture can be adapted for orbital transfer and orbit-raising applications, positioning it as a building block for the company's broader satellite and deep-space propulsion roadmap. Development on the project began December 15, 2021, and as of the latest public information it remains in development/testing status, with sub-scale and stage tests completed but no confirmed operational lunar flight heritage yet.
Specifications
| Fuel type | High-performance solid fuel |
|---|---|
| Average thrust | 650 N |
| Specific impulse | 290 s |
| Firing duration | 100+100 seconds (two burns) |
| Fuel mass | 30 kg |
| Oxidizer mass | 60 kg |
| Dimensions | 1 m base diameter x 1 m height |
| Flight heritage/status | In development for AYAP-1 lunar hard-landing mission; hybrid propulsion tested as second stage of SORS sounding rocket, exceeding 100 km altitude |